Also last week, Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke provided a speech on a number of topics, perhaps the most important of these being switching the Fed’s benchmark from the commonly watched and monitored Fed Funds Rate, to a new benchmark of “interest paid on excess reserves”. Banks are required to keep money on reserve with the Fed and may, from time to time, have an excess in those reserves, which the Fed can pay interest on.

Since the Fed Funds Rate is only a “target rate”, banks can still lend money to other bank overnight at their own negotiated rate. Sometimes near the end of the trading day, banks have been lending their excess reserves out overnight for a rate that differs from the Fed Funds Rate, but is higher than interest on those reserves from The Fed.  This undermines the Fed’s ability to set a reliable benchmark. 

The Fed wants to fix this by using the amount of interest they pay as the new benchmark, since the Fed has total control of this rate, which should be right at or just under the Fed Funds Rate. 

There is one major take-away from this discussion – it appears that the Fed is getting their ducks in a row as they prepare to push interest rates higher. And when they do increase rates, the Fed does not want any obstacles that may undermine their plan.

We’ll also get an update on inflation this Thursday, as the Producer Price Index will be released. This index measures price changes for wholesalers, and prefaces the more important Consumer Price Index coming on Friday, which measures changes in the price paid by consumers for goods and services. These reports are both particularly important, as the Fed will be watching very carefully for any signs of inflation. If inflation begins to rise, the Fed will have no choice but to begin to hike rates to fight off the dangers that inflation could pose to our economy.

In addition to those reports, we’ll get our weekly look at employment through the Initial Jobless Claims data. Last week’s report showed some encouraging signs, but there is still a long way to go before we’ll see stabilization in the Unemployment Rate and some meaningful job creation.  At the moment, 6.3 Million people remain unemployed for over six months – an increase of 5 million since the start of the recession in December of 2007. To reach the White House’s projection of a 6% unemployment rate by 2015, the US would need to create 225,000 jobs per month, every month, for the next five years. But that kind of long term job growth has never been seen before. The year 2006, was the only year in US history that had job gains average over 225,000. But that was for just a single year – doing it for five years may be too much of a stretch.   

Remember: Weak economic news normally causes money to flow out of Stocks and into Bonds, helping Bond prices and home loan rates improve, while strong economic news normally has the opposite result.

Bond prices fell early last week due to weak results from the Treasury auctions but were able to rally towards the end of the week. When Bond prices are moving higher, home loan rates are improving – so I’ll be watching out to see if the current ground can be held. If you have any questions about how home loan rates move – and if an opportunity exists that would benefit you – please don’t hesitate to call or email me.